On November 26, India observes Constitution Day to honour Dr BR Ambedkar and celebrate the adoption of the Constitution in 1949. The day promotes awareness of constitutional values and reinforces the principles of democracy, justice, equality, liberty, and fraternity among citizens. It recognizes the contributions of the Constituent Assembly and serves as a reminder to uphold civic responsibilities and strive for a fair and inclusive society.
The Constituent Assembly of India was a body formed to draft the Constitution of India. It was established on December 9, 1946, with a mandate to frame a permanent constitution for an independent India. The Assembly met for two years, eleven months, and eighteen days before adopting the Indian Constitution on November 26, 1949.
Background:
After India gained independence from British rule in 1947, the country needed a new constitution to replace the Government of India Act of 1935. The Indian National Congress, which led the independence movement, appointed a committee under the chairmanship of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar to draft the constitution.
Composition of the Assembly:
The Constituent Assembly consisted of 389 members, who were elected by the provincial assemblies of British India. The Muslim League, which represented the interests of Muslims, initially boycotted the Assembly but later joined in 1947.
Challenges Faced:
The Constituent Assembly faced several challenges in drafting the constitution, including:
Key Provisions of the Constitution:
The Indian Constitution is a comprehensive document that contains provisions on a wide range of subjects. Some of the key provisions include:
Adoption and Enactment:
The Constituent Assembly adopted the Indian Constitution on November 26, 1949, and it came into force on January 26, 1950, which is celebrated as Republic Day in India. The constitution has been amended 104 times since its adoption.
FAQs:
1. Who was the Chairman of the Constituent Assembly? A. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
2. How long did it take the Constituent Assembly to draft the Constitution? A. Two years, eleven months, and eighteen days
3. What is the significance of November 26 in India? A. It is celebrated as Constitution Day to honor the adoption of the Constitution.
4. What are some of the key features of the Indian Constitution? A. Sovereignty, socialism, secularism, democracy, federalism, fundamental rights, directive principles
5. Has the Indian Constitution been amended? A. Yes, it has been amended 104 times.
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