The Indian Health Ministry is taking action as the number of HMPV cases rises to five, with two patients in Tamil Nadu and none so far in Maharashtra. The 2019 outbreak began with two infants in Bengaluru but only one remains hospitalized. The respiratory illness has flu-like symptoms such as common cold, sore throat, and fever and the ministry has directed state health officials to monitor any SARI or ILI cases. Haryana's health minister has issued an advisory for civil surgeons in regards to respiratory diseases including HMPV.
Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV): A Resurgence in India
Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a respiratory virus that can cause a range of symptoms, from mild cold-like symptoms to more severe respiratory illnesses. In India, HMPV is becoming a growing concern, especially among young children.
Current Outbreak in India
In January 2023, the Indian Health Ministry reported five cases of HMPV in the country. Two patients were identified in Tamil Nadu, while the other three were from different states. The outbreak began in Bengaluru in 2019, with two infants initially diagnosed with the virus.
Symptoms of HMPV
HMPV typically causes symptoms similar to those of the common cold, including:
In severe cases, HMPV can lead to more serious respiratory illnesses, such as bronchiolitis and pneumonia.
Government Response
The Indian Health Ministry has taken several steps to address the rising number of HMPV cases:
Top 5 FAQs About HMPV
1. How is HMPV spread? HMPV is spread through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. It can also be spread through contact with contaminated surfaces or objects.
2. Who is most at risk for HMPV? Young children under the age of 2 are most at risk for severe HMPV infections. Other high-risk groups include the elderly, those with chronic respiratory conditions, and immunosuppressed individuals.
3. How is HMPV treated? There is no specific treatment for HMPV. Supportive care, such as rest, fluids, and pain medication, is usually recommended. In severe cases, antiviral medications may be prescribed.
4. Can HMPV be prevented? There is no vaccine for HMPV. However, good hygiene practices, such as frequent handwashing and covering coughs and sneezes, can help reduce the risk of infection.
5. What are the long-term effects of HMPV? Most HMPV infections are mild and do not cause any long-term effects. However, severe infections can lead to respiratory complications, such as asthma and recurrent wheezing.
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